Social Security: Late Retirement Boosts Benefits

If your retirement savings have taken a beating, you may be wondering how you will make up a monthly retirement shortfall. One option might be to delay receiving Social Security benefits. Although you can receive retirement benefits as early as age 62, the longer you put off retirement, the larger your monthly benefit check will be.

When can you retire?

How much you'll receive from Social Security every month depends mainly on how old you are when you begin receiving benefits and on your lifetime earnings. Your full retirement age is 65 to 67, depending on the year you were born. The Social Security Administration calculates your base benefit--the amount you'll receive at full retirement age--using a formula that takes into account your 35 highest earnings years.

If you begin receiving benefits earlier, you'll receive less than you would at full retirement age. If you begin receiving Social Security benefits at age 62, each monthly check you receive will be 25% to 30% less than it would be if you waited until full retirement age.

If you begin receiving benefits later than full retirement age, you'll receive more than you would receive at full retirement age, because you'll earn delayed retirement credits for each month you postpone retirement up until age 70. Delayed retirement credits will increase the amount you receive by 7% annually if you were born in 1939 or 1940, 7.5% if you were born in 1941 or 1942, or 8% if you were born in 1943 or later.

Retirement benefit illustration

The following chart illustrates how the age you begin receiving benefits can greatly affect the amount of income you receive from Social Security every month. The chart assumes a full retirement age of 66, and a base benefit at full retirement age of $2,000 (which is nearly the maximum Social Security benefit an individual can receive).

In this hypothetical example (your individual situation will be different), the Social Security benefit available at age 62 is $1,500, which is 25% less than the $2,000 monthly benefit available at full retirement age. But at age 70, the benefit available is $2,640, which is 32% more than the monthly benefit available at full retirement age, due to delayed retirement credits. Keep in mind, too, that other factors, including post-retirement earnings and cost-of-living increases, can also affect your monthly benefit check.

You can explore various retirement benefit scenarios by using the Retirement Estimator, or one of the other benefit calculators available at the Social Security Administration's website, www.ssa.gov.

There's no right or wrong time to begin receiving Social Security retirement benefits, and you should determine how retiring at a certain age affects your overall lifetime income, as well as your monthly income. How long retirement is likely to last, the effect on your spouse's income, and your tax situation are also considerations when deciding when to retire.