How can I diversify in a difficult market?

For a while, it seemed as though there was no refuge from the stock market's problems. International stocks, real estate, commodities, bonds, and precious metals all got hit simultaneously. The phrase "diversification can't guarantee a profit or ensure against the possibility of a loss in a declining market" never seemed more true.

And yet heightened uncertainty underscores the importance of hedging your bets. The more uncertainty, the more important it becomes to be able to take advantage of whatever investments are working best. Even if all asset classes are struggling, some may struggle less than others. Also, some investments and strategies can be used specifically to offset potential problems with other investments. Owning a variety of investments can improve your ability to navigate rapidly changing conditions. Here are some balancing acts to consider when analyzing whether your portfolio might benefit from additional diversification.

  • Deflation vs. inflation: Many economists--including those at the Federal Reserve Board--are concerned about the potential impact of prolonged drops in stock or housing values. However, efforts to combat deflation also raise the specter of potential inflation. Your portfolio should take both possibilities into account.
  • Currency fluctuations vs. stability: Risk aversion last year boosted the U.S. dollar. However, that trend could reverse at some point if investors tire of Treasuries' low returns or become more concerned about rising U.S. deficits. Balance that possibility against potential instability in overseas currencies and markets.
  • Income vs. growth: A company's ability to provide stable dividends may assume greater importance. Balance the benefits of ongoing income against the fact that smaller, growth-oriented companies have led the market out of every recession since 1971.

The 360 Degrees of Financial Literacy Web site offers general information for managing personal finances and does not recommend specific financial actions.  For financial advice tailored to your situation, please contact an expert such as a CPA or a personal financial advisor.